The technical characteristics of laser cutting are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
High cutting accuracy: Laser cutting can achieve high-precision cutting, with a cutting accuracy of about ± 0.05mm to ± 0.1mm. The laser beam is focused into an extremely small light spot, achieving a high power density at the focal point. The material is rapidly heated to the point of vaporization, forming a very narrow slit. The two sides of the slit are nearly parallel and perpendicular to the bottom surface.
Good cutting quality: The cutting edge of laser cutting is vertical, the cutting edge is smooth, and the surface roughness is only a few tens of microns, which can be directly welded or other subsequent processes without correction. After laser cutting, the width of the heat affected zone of the material is very small, and the deformation of the workpiece is small, ensuring the dimensional accuracy and appearance quality of the cut parts.
Fast cutting speed: Laser cutting has a much higher cutting speed than traditional cutting methods, such as cutting 1mm thick aluminum alloy plates at a speed of up to 40m/min. The laser cutting machine uses computer-controlled laser beams to cut materials in one go, greatly improving production efficiency.
Wide material adaptability: Laser cutting can cut various materials, including metals (such as carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc.), non metals (such as ceramics, glass, plastics, rubber, wood, etc.), and composite materials. By adjusting the laser parameters and auxiliary gas, good cutting effects can be achieved for different materials.
Non contact machining: During the laser cutting process, the laser beam has no contact with the workpiece, and there is no tool wear or contact energy loss, so there is no need to replace the cutting tool. When processing parts of different shapes, only changing the output parameters of the laser reduces production costs and operational complexity.
Small heat affected zone: The width of the heat affected zone generated by laser cutting is usually between 0.1-0.5mm, with low thermal distortion and little impact on material properties. This makes laser cutting significantly advantageous in application scenarios that require high material performance, such as cutting metal components in the aerospace industry.
Easy to operate and automated: The laser cutting machine has a clear and concise interface, making it easy to learn and use. Laser cutting can be combined with CNC systems to achieve multi station operation and automated production, suitable for processing multiple varieties and small batches of parts, especially for the research and development stage of new products.
Environmental protection and energy conservation: The laser cutting process has low noise, minimal vibration, and low pollution. Compared to traditional cutting methods, laser cutting does not require a large amount of coolant or lubricant, reducing environmental pollution and resource waste.
High cutting flexibility: The laser beam has no inertia and can perform high-speed cutting. The cutting direction is not limited and can start and stop cutting at any position. Laser cutting is suitable for processing complex shapes and small parts, and can achieve high difficulty contour cutting.
Material saving: Laser cutting has narrow cutting seams, allowing for any form of tight cutting or nesting of workpieces. The utilization rate of raw materials is high, reducing material waste.